Building the Market for Urban Sanitation in Ghana

In Ghana, output-based aid (OBA) was used to improve affordability for households in crowded low-income areas of the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA) to invest in improved household toilets. OBA was provided as a subsidy to reduce the upfront cost for toilets and stimulate demand, which in turn made it more attractive for financial institutions to enter this market.

This learning note is part of a series developed by the Global Partnership on Output-Based Aid (GPOBA) to analyze and showcase experiences where results-based finance (RBF) has been used to leverage private finance through a blended finance approach.